Abstract: Through to the nickel hydrogen battery performance’s research, gave one using the ISA bussing technique construction, to program the platform based on DELPHI the nickel hydrogen battery management system management system’s design proposal, introduced with emphasis this system’s software technique and realized the method.
Key word: DELPHI; Charging and discharging; Software; Module; SOC
1 foreword
The nickel hydrogen battery is the present large capacity battery’s principal variety, in departments and so on communication, transportation, electric power obtained the widespread application, simultaneously it is also in other intelligent measuring appliance the most commonly used battery backup. But in actual use, because the charging and discharging control the battery which unreasonable damages to occupy the majority. In fact, if the nickel hydrogen battery charging and discharging are suitable, usually may work for 10 years. Therefore, the author has developed the nickel hydrogen battery automatic charging and discharging control system. This system carried on the charging and discharging by the constant current battery charger and the constant current gap to the battery 熞 ge to say the fine linen ao⒌Miao Geng⑽Reveals the fruit pulp 刂 to split qian Gui red Mie 刂pu low Che Naobian the part. Therefore, this system in the overall consideration electric current, the voltage, in temperature control system’s foundation, selects the microcomputer control system to the voltage, the electric current, the temperature to carry on the control and model curve processing, with the database which obtains to the data conducts the research, and carries on the forecast to the battery performance and SOC. The application software may in the Windows platform with the object-oriented DELPHI6 programming software compilation 熣 erroneous systems control software’s reliability, the easy establishment have the profit greatly.
2 DELPHI software introduction
Uses PC machine to carry on the analysis processing as the superior machine to the gathering data, is realizes this kind of small system real-time data gathering and the analysis efficacious device. Borland Corporation’s Delphi is now one of most outstanding Windows development kits, its visualization development environment and face object fast application procedure development kit RAD, may cause the procedure development personnel to develop 32 application procedures fast in the Windows platform. Because it uses the object-oriented programming language, can insert assembles and realizes the multi-thread operation, and the development database function is formidable, thus is control engineer the extremely good programming tool.
3 system hardware designs
This article designs the battery control system’s hardware mainly controls machine, PCL 711BI/O by the labor to meet the oral plate, the electro-optical isolation and the gathering board, the constant current battery charger and the constant current gap constitution, its overall diagram as shown in Figure 1, its various part of hardware principle no longer relates in detail in this.
4 system software designs
Shown in Figure 2 is this system’s software module chart. And the procedure initialization including the closure all relay selection switch (charging and discharging selective relay, charging and discharging enables relay), the receive data module imagery processing initialization, the database initialization, the charging and discharging condition choice (including rechargeable battery capacity choice, charging and discharging cut choice as well as whether to press predetermined curve charging and discharging) and so on, similarly, the procedure withdrawal must realize a series of reset operation.
4.1 data transmission module
The data transmission module uses in completing the electric current signal the production, the modulation as well as through realizes the data transmission and the electric current signal formation to the PCL711-B card programming operation.
Because the charging and discharging electric current is generally big, considered the security problem, the operation should process strictly according to the working instruction, this software simulation each operation seqvence, and matched by the chart article instruction.
To the charging and discharging, the system divide into manual and the automatic charging and discharging two ways nimbly, if has certain understanding to the battery, may choose the manual charge and through certain experiment understand that battery’s performance, then or saves in the curve storehouse to the database to increase the wish in advance the charging and discharging form, thus realizes the charging and discharging intelligent control.
If chooses the automatic charge, may choose in the different situation the charging and discharging form. Battery charging and discharging with many factors related, if the summer and winter’s situation is different, under the different temperature the charging and discharging request is dissimilar, the different cycle-index’s battery charging and discharging display the SOC value is dissimilar, this system when design charging and discharging predetermined storehouse has based on this aspect consideration. Generally the battery charging and discharging have 2 main forms: Constant pressure charge and constant flow charge, what this system choice is the constant flow charge (constant current self-restraint, electric circuit schematic diagram may to author claim), and the way which unifies through the software and the hardware realizes the electric current intelligent charge.
The battery charging and discharging on the charge main performance are three stages: The battery restores the stage, the big electric current charge stage, the brook class additional charge stage. Just started to charge, because the battery interface resistance is big, therefore needs to use the undercurrent charge to restore the battery, the charging current is not suitable is higher than 0.3C, the big electric current charge stage controls between 0.5C-2C, treats rises to the battery voltage to the predetermined charging voltage when (when predetermined specified amount), may change the undercurrent additional charge way, thus causes its energy SOC 煟 cherry deng curtain deng of the charge 牬 mace articulation volume (above 90%).
But works as when based on DELPHI design software, wants the overall evaluation above essential factor, then gives the ideal charging and discharging plan in the predetermined diagram of curves and the database.
Realizes the D/A card transmission fixed time when using the DELPHI software, may realize through system’s interrupt.
4.2 data acquisition module
The nickel hydrogen battery charging and discharging system needs to gather 4 kind of data generally: Charging and discharging voltage, charging and discharging electric current, battery temperature, charging and discharging temperature. In order to guarantee that the sampling the accuracy, may use three sampling averaging value the algorithm to realize the sampling.
Function function which provides using DLL, matches again by the DELPHI software, can realize very easily through the PCL911-B gathering card to establishes in the channel data gathering. Below is its simple routine:
{turns on equipment}
ErrCde:= DRV_ DeviceOpen (dwDeviceNum, De-viceHandle);
{establishment gathering channel, gathering starts}
AiVolIn1.chan:= ptAIConfig1.DasChan;
AiVolIn1.gain: = ptAIConfig1.DasGain;
AiVolIn1.TrigMode 煟 AiCtrMode1;
AiVolIn1.voltage: 煟 @Voltage1;
.
ErrCde1:= DRV_ AIVoltageIn(DeviceHandle_AiVolIn1);
.
ErrCde: =ErrCde1*ErrCde2*ErrCde3*Er-rCde7*ErrCde8*ErrCde9;
{gain gathering card data}
Edit1.Text: =FloatToStrF (Voltage1/5, ffFixed 6,4);
{gathering ended, preserves, withdrawal}
lpDioWritePort.port: = lpDioPortMode.port;
lpDioWritePort.mask: = 255;
lpDioWritePort.state:= 0;
ErrCde: = DRV_ DioWritePortByte (DeviceHandle, lpDioWritePort);
4.3 data processing module
May complete the signal through the data processing module functions and so on storage, demonstration, analysis as well as signal adjustment, system warning and emergency stop.
The signal preservation divides into the image and the database preservation, these may realize using the DELPHI SaveDialog dialog box as well as the Pic-ture.SaveToFile event.
The data demonstration may use DELPHI the Tcanvas object, may also use the simple cartography sentence, in the image frame and so on controls in real-time to reappear the data profile, but may also carry on the profile reappearance and the simple analysis through the Teechart statistical graph to the gathering data. If to its gathering data linearity as well as the signal frequency, the scope, the rate of change makes the further analysis, may transfer MATLAB to carry on the advanced treatment.
The related database’s operation may revolve Table or Query controls to complete, and carries on the connection through the ODBC data pool as well as the DELPHI BDE data supervisor. But Query controls to transfer the SQL language to be engaged in the design.
The signal analysis mainly includes through the gathering electric current, the voltage, as well as the temperature, the cycle-index studies battery’s energy - SOC (State of charge), the battery electrically charged condition may reflect battery’s surplus capacity. In its value defines for the battery surplus capacity accounts for the battery capacity ratio.
The SOC modelling correct or not relates the energy which battery’s working efficiency, battery’s life, the battery can release and continues the charging and discharging the time, therefore the SOC modelling is the battery management system management system’s important link. Because the length is limited, here does not make the introduction.
This system may also use the classics the PID accommodation mode, and guarantees the output through the DELPHI software the linearity and the stability. Because the charging and discharging need the constant current, and the charging and discharging time is long, therefore may use the common PID adjustment (to be possible to eliminate deviation) the method to satisfy the system request.
5 concluding remark
Carries on using the DELPHI software based on the ISA main line’s examination system development, may with each kind of data acquisition card, the digital-analog conversion card carry on the seamless integration. The actual use proved: This system stable reliable, the function is formidable, may realize battery’s automated monitoring, and can obtain the valuable information. At present, this system has succeeded applies researches and develops the platform in some new automobile.
