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Relates Email:  denny.yip@renesas.com

Abstract
Recently several years, China’s liquid crystal industry had the huge growth. Electronic chip product manufacturer peaceful tripod with two handles multimedia technologies (Shanghai) Limited company (Trident Multimedia Technologies (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. ) and Swiss Sa Asia science and technology Limited company Renesas System Solution Asia Pte. Ltd. ) cooperated, uses our M16C MCU to add on peaceful tripod with two handles’s video frequency LSI to develop the liquid crystal. This article will introduce the M16C platform in the advanced digit liquid crystal technology, as well as hardware disposition and software algorithm aspect function. Simultaneously will also discuss other LSI.

1. outline

Swiss Sa Hetai the Tripod with two handles Company unites with our one located at Shenzhen the LCD manufacturer has developed two projects. One is North America market US-Model, another is HK-Model which promotes in Hong Kong (Figure 1). Two type’s specifications are similar. Display monitor’s size is 32 inches, the length and breadth ratio is 16∶9, the resolution is 1366×768, the contrast gradient is 800∶1, brightness is 1000cd/m2. The connection uses HDMI, YpbPr, S-Video, Video, D-sub and DVI. These projects are based on Swiss Sa M16C MCU, as well as the peaceful tripod with two handles integrates highly the single chip system component primarily, the goal is takes these has the high clear television which in the video frequency and the data processing aspect the high accuracy requests (HDTV) and the spare PC liquid crystal application. In addition, it is also the Chinese television manufacturer uses in 26 inch or above television’s main solution.

Figure 1 liquid crystal and graph OSD

2. Item description

2.1 MCU

The main printed wiring board has demonstrated all chip layout (Figure 2). The Swiss Sa’s M16C series is one has the ROM high efficiency multipurpose 32 and 16 CISC miniature machines. It has under the high velocity condition outstanding noise immunity and ultra low power loss handling ability. But group of M16C series MCU is M16C/62P, this component may provide the low cost development environment and can borrow is increasing the operating frequency movement to reach as high as 24MHz. But other merits are the support multiplex and the independent main line pattern, may connect the exterior memory and the video frequency processor. In our liquid crystal solution has chosen M30620SPGP, it is a built-in 10K RAM non-ROM edition, may in the 20MHz PLL clock’s microprocessor pattern work. And used 8 multiplex main lines to use in connecting the overall system.

Because the system used has not worn ROM M16C MCU to take the central processing element, as well as the video frequency processor needed the display frame the buffer to move. Outside therefore the system must connect sets at ROM which and does huan flushes RAM. Outside sets at ROM is 512K×8Bit dodges continually memory W29C040, but RAM is 128Mbit SDRAM.

Figure 2 on motherboard’s chip layout

2.2 other LSI

Now, we have a look at the video signal processor.

Table 1    Peaceful tripod with two handles’s fifth generation of integrated video frequency processor

This LSI name is SVPTMEX52, represents peaceful tripod with two handles’s fifth generation of SVP the EX series integration video frequency processor. Provides the main decoding, processing, the adjustment and the display control function for the upscale digital television. It integrated has used in CVBS/S-video/Component, as well as HD-D1/D2/D3/D4 pattern SD/HD simulated video input 10 ADC. Reaches as high as 108MHz PC the RGB input to be possible to support SXGA/60Hz. Interlace refurbishing is 60Hz arrives at 100Hz, but line-by-line scanning refurbishing is 50Hz to 75Hz. The peaceful tripod with two handles graphics engine may provide the remarkable video image quality. This technology integrated the 3D honeycomb video frequency decoding, and supports PAL, NTSC and the SECAM form, the movement adaptation solution interlace, digit noise elimination, the image adjustment, the average picture proficiency control, the boundary eliminates with sharpness promotion and so on. Its internal low voltage difference signal transmitter LVDS uses for to connect the LVDS kneading board. It also used one kind to use in the LCD overdrive the specialized technique, might change the worthless fellow easy to bully picture (MP) and the picture-in-picture (PIP) channel’s on LCD kneading board reaction time.

The overall system has also joined HDMI receiver Sil9011 (high definition multimedia connections). This LSI and the HDMI 1.1 standards are compatible. And backward is compatible with DVI 1.0, this may cause the HDMI system by cable connection existing DVI 1.0 main engines (e.g. the DVD player). Its contains single Panel Link the TMDS numerical code essence support video signal chart element clock rate reaches 165MHz, the coverage area to 1080p (high clear television resolution) or PC UXGA (the PC resolution). Moreover, it has reaches as high as 192KHz the tonic train signaling sampling rate, supports S/PIF and the multi-channel audio frequency outputs. This chip has the industrial standard I2S port to be possible to carry on the connection directly with audio frequency DAC. Sil9011 also inserted HDCP (high definition content protection) to decode the engine together with the pre-programming HDCP key, used for to receive the audio frequency which and the video frequency content protected, thus provided the highest rank the safety performance.

Has used the MSP34×0G series as for the audio frequency processor, may cover the whole world all analog television sound system’s standard. At the same time, such as the automatic volume control (AVC), the bass boost effect (BBE) and baseband sound processing and so on heavy bass output are also carry out in the identical single chip. Uses in Hong Kong’s television system is PAL I, NICAM sound modulation, therefore HK-Model MSP3410G and PAL/NTSC tuner coordination use. US’s television system is NTSC M brings BTSC the stereo sound SAP modulation, what therefore US-Model use is the MSP3420G NTSC tuner. The MSP34×0G series has one only to move in the 32KHz built-in I2S bus interface. Therefore, it does not suit direct connection Sil9011. Therefore, we increased one to have 192KHz the sampling rate D/A switch, transformed the sound source to the baseband audio frequency only then as the MSP3410G output.

3. Basic system structure

3.1 hardware dispositions

The basic hardware disposition like block diagram shows (Figure 3). M16C/62P first group of I2C bus interfacing memory starting value and teletext EEPROM. But other group uses between component’s correspondence, for example SVPTMEX52, HDMI receiver, audio frequency processor and tuner. This I2C main line also and a PC parallel port connection. When the MCU procedure enters the firmware debugging pattern, MCU releases the I2C main line control. Turns on the peaceful tripod with two handles’s tool application software on PC (Figure 6) to be able to control all these components, this is useful to our system debugging. The video frequency processor supports the I2C main line and the parallel interface correspondence. Does not have the ROM M30620SPGP work, in the 1M byte’s microprocessor traces under the type by the 20MHz speed movement, this needs to connect 10MHz the crystal oscillator and hypothesis built-in PLL clock rate two times, between them the correspondence uses a multiplex main line to realize. The MCU mapping locates in the CS2 region 8000h start address. On the contrary the procedure enters under the debugging pattern condition, we need to carry on the establishment to the SVPTMEX52 internal register, controls the I2C main line, and causes this multiplex parallel interface expiration. In addition, M16C/62P UART1 can connect the PC serial port. Affiliation movement inserting in PC Windows operating system super terminal (Hyper Terminal), thus the produce information and means that MCU accepts our remote control or local key order complete certain duties, but the procedure moves under the normal state time, PC and between the liquid crystal also sustainably carries on alternately. This is monitors the uncertainty result a formidable function.

V:     Tuner /YprBr/ simulates the /VGA video frequency source
D:     24 digital video bus interface
L:    LCD kneading board’s single channel LVDS transmitter
F:     32 DDR memory interface
M:     Video frequency processor parallel bus interface
S:    Exterior ROM parallel bus interface
TMDS:     Transformation extremely low loss differential signal

Figure 3 system block diagram

3.2 system’s developments

This system’s software architecture including EX which, TV API compiles by the C language (peaceful tripod with two handles’s application programmable connection) and the application procedure three levels. We used EXSDK (peaceful tripod with two handles’s development tool bag) to develop this procedure, EXSDK have provided the effective tool and API. Based on the data and the code separated concept, the data including the register table’s establishment, OSD (screen writing information demonstration) and the user defines the region and so on, may defer to the peaceful tripod with two handles’s resources coding tool (Figure 5) to carry on the edition. It can use for to found and to maintain these achievement resources the data (Figure 4). Then, each classification’s data also looked that for the resources which one assigns are inserted in the application procedure, for example in video signal processor SVPTMEX52 data sheet and different LSI all register table and so on.

The system use takes the resources the data
Figure 4 movement flow chart

The following is one important and uses for to process the register table frequently the API transfer function:

Void tdWriteRegTable (RPByte rpTable, Byte ucColume Num)

the rpTable parameter is a target, it aims at register table this resources to insert the production the data. the ucColumnNum parameter is the chip which row data should read to carries on the choice. In other examples, what like aims at OSD to insert is the palette, the typeface, the string, the image, the OSD data and the OSD project. Is all these resources which (the peaceful tripod with two handles OSD engine) develops with TOE can as shown in Figure 5 on PC carries on the preview, this is also precisely the video frequency menu OSD design example.

Figure 5 the use resources coding tool manufactures video frequency menu OSD design example

As for TOE is one located at the high-level function library of subroutines, is called TOE.LIB. It may carry out like the PC form graph user interface in the television, and supports two pans 4 or 8 element color OSD demonstration. The TOE structure is based on MVC (model, view and controller) design pattern. It is composed of three parts, the affiliation transfers TOEAPI to carry on the code. The OSD data editor and the OSD project editor is uses for to compose OSD the topological design and the visual structure. TOE was writes with the standard C language, could support the cross platform work, therefore TOE did not have the platform limit.

But EXAPI is one takes the SVPTMEX52 driver’s underlying bed function library of subroutines, it may also translate in the different development platform including PC the Win32 perhaps different monolithic integrated circuit platform. The EXAPI also like numerous library of subroutines articles keep off are the same, conceals API to enter has become the binary goal code to carry out the detail.

TVAPI has also sealed the basic TV logical processing. But if the system has the hardware to modify, for example changes the video frequency decoder, needs to revise TVAPI the sound code to coordinate, EXAPI and TVAPI are can transfer by the application layer procedure.

Figure 6 the peaceful tripod with two handles piece institute provides LSI debugging aids

3.3 simulated environments

Microsoft’s Visual C in PC is a powerful tool program, compiles the television simulator borrows the WIN32 platform to carry on the work control through the I2C main line to the system, and the program also has the OSD simulator to serve as the pre-demonstration, like this our OSD design can demonstrate on the plane screen. It may provide the incomparable cheapest debugging and the development environment.

3.4 simulation environment

But the high grade software development should through the USB cable connection work as Swiss Sa’s specialized simulator PC7501. Probe M3062PT-EPB and the simulation work together. This probe is for simulation M16C/62P this category MCU. At the same time, overall system movement on the following tool software.

Table 2 software tabulations

3.5 software architecture synopsis

Application layer procedure based on the following flow chart.

Master routine flow
Figure 7 master routine flow chart

The system starts from the first module to carry on the initialization and the default establishment. For example, function Bool tdEEPROMCheckOnline (void) will inspect like does not have the returns to mark _EEPROM_IS_INITIALIZED_, the application layer software will use default establishes initialization EEPROM. M30620SPGP MCU first by initialization. Then, including the system resources, avails oneself of the source tool ResBuilder production the data, the system timer, the pressed key input, the remote input and the I2C main line’s overall system carries on the initialization. Is borrowing the user the input is transformed including the pressed key or the remote input take the byte as unit’s hypothesized key value, as well as to is redundant the key processing to advance to the hypothesized key value buffer. But actuates API is:

Void tdInitKeyboard (Word wFirstDelay, Word wRepeatDelay);

Void tdInitRemoteEx (RPByte rpData, Word wFirstDelay, Word wRepeatDelay);

The application layer program’s main return route use comes from the buffer, transfers Byte tdGetVirtualKey (void) the function to obtain the hypothesized key value. If in the buffer does not have the hypothesized key, EXAPI will transfer writes in reply counts Void tdCallBackIdle (Void), this must guarantee the backstage work the movement, even the current work is processing OSD menu period, also has not affected. But all processing backstage work’s module defers to its mark transformation to carry out. And all these marks may according to the user input, the pattern cut and the signal detection carry on the change. Background job processing including searches for Taiwan, the sound processing, the channel choice and the signal processing and so on. All background module’s flow chart demonstrates as follows (Figure 8):

Figure 8: Main processing flow chart

EXAPI provided two kind of timers to call back the function, this was may realize through the application layer software.

Void tdCallBack1ms(Void);

Void tdCallBack20ms(Void);

But these are the system timer interruption procedures, (Void) the function is processes the remote input as for Void tdRemoteService the interrupt routine. System after power source connection has many kind of patterns. In waits for an opportunity under the pattern, the liquid crystal only waits accepts controls the key or the remote input. But monitor’s other parts of closure, and enter the electricity saving pattern. Under the normal pattern, the complete machine operation carries on normally, only if receives the _VK-POWER_ signal, it closes the system and enters waits for an opportunity the pattern. This procedure may also be able to enter the factory pattern. This pattern force liquid crystal accepts the factory establishment or carries on the system aging test, this will cause the television kneading board repeatedly to demonstrate red, blue, green or the white screen. As for under the multiple Windows’s conditions, may have nine Windows’s arrangements on the demonstration level, each small window one time demonstrated that a channel and frames it. Then, the next channel demonstrated in the next window that so analogizes.

All patterns have its their instruction and the OSD processing. For example, under the normal pattern, presses down the vegetable single bond demonstration picture establishment menu (Figure 9). Four kind of picture hypothesis pattern may choose - - vivid, standard, gentle and from the definition. Receives a line of OSD demonstration, we control the contrast gradient, brightness, the degree of saturation, the tone and the sharpness and so on. Traces the type what with the picture establishment to be similar is the sound processing menu, uses for to control the sound and the volume size (Figure 10). Is to search for Taiwan and the hypothesis television system as for the establishment menu, but some (Figure 13). The supply oscillator input is the affiliation source menu is choosing, for example is to the AV/SV/PC/HDTV/HDMI cut. The screen menu is aims at the adjustment to input the RGB signal the channel, controls it in television screen’s position and the display mode (Figure 11). Also some selection menu to the system language, the blue screen and so on carries on the establishment (Figure 12).

Figure 9 video frequency adjustment                        Figure 10 audio frequency adjustment

         Figure 11 RGB screen control    Figure 12 choice establishment

Figure 13 television channel establishment

Moreover only then HK-Model only then has the clock menu, uses for to establish the system clock and the power switch time. But the American television guardian guidance system only operates together with the US Film society hierarchy system in the US-Model guardian rank classification control menu. 

Figure 14 and 15 had demonstrated this menu (only uses in US-Model). This system designs specially for the television program division rank and the category, and uses together with V-CHIP. V-CHIP is general terminology, uses in an achievement television receiver’s function characteristic, carries on the distinction and the control to its specific program content. This function is for the purpose of through the parents monitoring the television program which they the child watches.

Figure 14 guardian rank classification control chart 15 rank classification establishment

4. conclusion

In this fast grows day by day in the liquid crystal market, has the peaceful tripod with two handles SVPTMEX52 M16C platform is a design win solution, its goal is 26 inch above liquid crystals.

Compares with other solution, it has used the advanced display technology, has the best picture quality. In addition, M16C MCU is eliminating the EMI/EMS noise satisfiedly, highly effective demand aspects and so on code and suitable price has the remarkable superiority. These two liquid crystal project’s specification as shown in Table 3.

Table 3 current liquid crystal project specification table

Middle at present, the European edition is developing. Is a PAL/SECAM service pattern new project, and supports the chart article, outside the picture-in-picture and the picture the picture and so on numerous functions.