Our lasted several years, develop “51 monolithic integrated circuit 13×14 lattices to shrink the code Chinese card”, is suitable in present domestic and foreign application most widespread MCSX-51 and the compatible series monolithic integrated circuit.
Meanwhile, but also has developed 13×14 the lattice Chinese character matrix. 13×14 the lattice matrix, may completely and the present general 16×16 lattice Chinese character matrix setoff, it, in the monolithic integrated circuit and embedded system’s Chinese character demonstrated that in the application also has the obvious economic value and the practical significance.
1 monolithic integrated circuit present Chinese character demonstration
One of communication’s most fundamental modes is the writing exchange, but because our country square Chinese characters quantity is many, the configuration is different, causes the Chinese character demonstration has been our country computer popular barrier. Along with computer technology’s rapidly expand, the PC machine Chinese character demonstrated already is not a problem. But is low regarding the cost, the volume is small, the application is flexible, and the amount used extremely giant monolithic integrated circuit says, because its structure is simple, the hardware source is very limited, its Chinese character demonstrated that still faced is having too many problems to tackle, the predicament which lacks the ability to do what one would like.
At present monolithic integrated circuit’s Chinese character demonstrated that has three essential methods.
①Uses the standard fonts law. Soon in GB code Chinese character storehouse solid person ROM, carries on after monolithic integrated circuit’s hardware and the software expands specially, demonstrates the Chinese character. It is well known, even if is 16×16 the lattice standard fonts, must take the 200KB above unit memory, but speaking of the present mainstream 5l series monolithic integrated circuit, biggest addressing range only 64KB, even if the procedure area and the data area gather also only the 128KB memory. Therefore, if does not add the special expansion design, do not say that the character index procedure and the user space, the fonts cannot only install. Although this method may use the ready-made standard fonts conveniently, but actually must take the massive hardware and the software resource, increases the very great part of costs and the design difficulty, therefore uses not frequently.
②Matrix direct solidification law. Soon demonstrated the Chinese character, 11 withdraws successively according to the order its matrix after the standard fonts, solidifies, demonstrated. Although this law for simple and direct, but is only suitable for to demonstrate the few Chinese characters, and the matrix system takes tediously, software’s revision maintenance is very difficult.
③Has the index small fonts law. Soon wants in the display file the Chinese character matrix, withdraws one by one from the standard fonts solidifies, makes the small fonts, and makes the indexed list according to it in the small fonts’ position, demonstrated when finds out its new matrix code fetch address from the indexed list, the code fetch demonstrated. Although this method is quite flexible, may demonstrate many Chinese characters, but still limited to can only demonstrate the fixed document content, and the character molded takes similarly troublesome.
One kind of new monolithic integrated circuit “the Chinese character dynamic code and the demonstration plan” (saw “Monolithic integrated circuit And Embedded system Application” magazine in 2003 1st issue and the 9th issue), in fact was also one kind dynamic “the small fonts” the law, was only the fonts system takes, the index compilation and the document changed the code all automatically to complete by PC machine, have exempted the tedious manual handling.
As seen above, the monolithic integrated circuit each kind of Chinese character demonstration plan is not at present ideal. The standard fonts law, the monolithic integrated circuit is unable to withstand the load; But other methods and is also unable the shortcoming which overcomes is most greatly, demonstrated that the writing all has the limitation. Demonstrated that the content also must the specialists design decides, the user difficulty with changes. This enormously has then limited the monolithic integrated circuit in each domain development and the application. Investigates its reason, all for monolithic integrated circuit itself non-Chinese card, but this is also precisely we devotes to “51 Chinese cards” the development original intention.
2 13×14 lattice Chinese character matrix
Decides “the 5l Chinese card” for the pad the font foundation, first developed l3×14 the lattice Chinese character matrix. In the present general Chinese character matrix, what simple is 16×16 the lattice matrix. In miniature typewriter, also occasionally sees has 12×12 the lattice matrix, but practical not sees. The matrix lattice number was deciding directly each Chinese character accounts for the unit memory value, whether in guarantee matrix accurate, in artistic foundation, seeks for one kind of few lattice matrix? This is our initial idea. Therefore we pass through choose the comparison repeatedly, has promoted 13×14 the lattice matrix finally in domestic first. This design; first, based on our country Chinese character is Chinese characters, therefore its line, row value must be close; Second, the Chinese character has the symmetry 1 to live, therefore its row value suitable wonderful not suitable partner. The design actual indicated that if line, the row value are very few, then difficult to guarantee the matrix the accuracy and the artistry.
13×14 the lattice matrix, is take our country present simplified Chinese character as a standard, based on this and designs becomes. Compares with the present general Chinese character 16×l6 lattice matrix, its accuracy and the artistry are not inferior. However its individual character occupies the memory actually to drop to 26 units by 32 units; Moreover causes each individual character to demonstrate that drops to a l82 picture element by the original 256 picture elements, causes the demonstration cost and the space reduces nearly 1/3. 100×200 the lattice LED character screen, may demonstrate 16×l6 lattice Chinese character 72, but l3×14 the lattice Chinese character then may demonstrate l05, and the demonstration effect and does not have the too big difference. This without doubt to the monolithic integrated circuit and the embedded system Chinese character demonstration product’s development and the application, has the obvious economic value and the practical significance.
3 51 monolithic integrated circuit 13×14 lattices shrink the code Chinese card
“51 Chinese cards” rest on our country’s Chinese character characteristic and monolithic integrated circuit’s fast construction character function, in 13×14 the lattice matrix foundation, shrinks the code form development to become the monolithic integrated circuit Chinese card the development, should take the present general mainstream monolithic integrated circuit as the research and development object, but should also in includes GB code first-level, the second-level Chinese character and under the commonly used character premise, causes the memory to take must drop to the mainstream monolithic integrated circuit addressable scope, and must leave leeway the enough character index procedure and the user application space. Moreover, the matrix design must be accurate, be artistic. The matrix extraction speed must satisfy the practical request. “51 Chinese cards” the development rests on the principle, and has met above each requirements.
As the name suggests, “51 Chinese cards, namely take the MCS-51 series and compatible monolithic integrated circuit as research and development object. Take 51 series as representative’s 8 monolithic integrated circuits, in the past, the present as well as may give the future which saw, will be the embedded system low end application mainstream type. This is the field expert’s mutual recognition.
“51 Chinese cards” included “GB2312-80″ the GB code fonts completely first-level, the second-level Chinese character, and supplements Chinese character 86; Simultaneously has included big, the small English letter, the Arabic numeral and so on 160 commonly used characters and not to the 4KB construction character procedure, actually only altogether has taken the insufficient 66KB memory. Each character approximately composes 9.8 units equally, is opposite occupies 32 single high-rising memories in 16×16 lattice each character saying that still not to its 1/3. This speaking of has mutually the independent 64KB procedure area and the 64KB data area 51 series monolithic integrated circuits, if disposes the memory suitably, may keeps 90% above procedure space and the considerable amount data space for the character index procedure and the user, regarding the common user’s application, will have more than enough to spare.
Moreover, to cause “51 Chinese cards ‘ ‘to be advantageous for the use and to further save the memory, develops a set of simplified edition in the above foundation, has obliterated the part remote second-level Chinese character. The simplified edition including the approximately 5580 Chinese characters, altogether takes memory 58KB. In fact, according to the related authoritative department’s statistics, the text 99% writing was generally writes by 2400 characters, therefore the use simplification edition, and matched by the simple word-formation procedure, generally might also satisfy our operation requirements.
“51 Chinese cards” use the matrix, namely we develop definitely may with 16×16 the lattice matrix setoff I3×14 the lattice Chinese character matrix. The matrix extraction speed is one of our most issues of concern. Indicated after the test and the actual use, “51 Chinese cards ‘ ‘proposes the mold speed definitely to be possible to satisfy the monolithic integrated circuit Chinese character demonstration the practical request.
We use Intel Corporation MCS-51 the classical series 87C51 monolithic integrated circuit to test under the 24MHz frequency, the average matrix extraction speed is the 2.1ms/character. Because person’s persistence of vision time is 0.1s, regardless of the theory actual use indicated that 50 character matrix extraction demonstrated that and is not sluggish and waits for an opportunity the feeling. Even if under 1 2MHz frequency, 20 character impression takings, namely namely, in the general Pinyin character index and the few Chinese character demonstration, definitely may satisfy the operation requirements. Along with the monolithic integrated circuit technology’s rapidly expand, at present, the MCS-51 compatible monolithic integrated circuit clock rate which Intel Corporation, Atmel Corporation, philips Corporation, companies and so on our country Taiwan Hua Bang produce may reach 33MHz, the enlargement mode may reach 40MHz, down to reaches 60MHz; Presently market “STC89LE” the series monolithic integrated circuit, the upper frequency may reach 90MHz. These chips can definitely be compatible with the MCS-51 chip, regarding the higher demand’s situation, the renewal promotes is also very simple. Moreover, in the monolithic integrated circuit and the embedded system, the writing demonstration speed request is not high, so long as trades time the screen satisfiedly visual request then. Its Chinese character demonstration number of words, not are too generally many. If with the LCD display monitor, 128×64 the lattice, only then demonstrates 32 characters; 192×64 lattice only then obviously 48 characters; Even if uses l3×14 the lattice matrix, Man Ping also only then 56 Chinese characters.
4 “51 Chinese cards” design basis and explanation
“51 Chinese cards” the design basis is, although our country Chinese character quantity is many, the font varies, but the composite construction occupies the majority, and is known as “the lateral part of character to take righteousness, corrected miswritten words takes the sound” saying. Like “the inch” the character and the different lateral part of character may compose “the village”, “to pay”, “ask for”, “defend”, “” and so on characters. Therefore “51 Chinese cards” besides the single structure character basically by the entire code design, the duplicate Taiwan structure character multipurpose corresponding monomer character and the lateral part of character, wrote by the structure code. Using the monolithic integrated circuit fast unit building block system construction character procedure, then may produce the matrix code rapidly. This both had guaranteed proposes the code speed, and has saved the massive Chinese card memory.
Related “51 Chinese cards” several showing are as follows:
①In every Chinese character storehouse Jan, the traditional character have use the simplified form. After like “,” after “” generation, “-odd” by “-odd” generation and so on;
② “the New China Dictionary” has not received the character, many have not received, like “yi”, “yan” and so on characters, but “Jing”, “jing” and so on characters still received;
③Regarding the polysome characters, by the frequently used character generation, like “the booklet” by “the booklet” the generation, “xuan” by “turns on lathe generally, generation and so on, but “zha” not by “zha” generation, “enemy” not by “enmity” generation and so on;
④To usual already by other character substitution character, replaces by these characters, like “dong” by “east” generation, “anus ‘ ‘by “ship” generation and so on;
⑤In the second-level Chinese character, constitutes the Chinese character lateral part of character not to receive not alone;
⑥Based on masterpiece famous work, life terminology and so on, enlarged Chinese character 86;
⑦Incorporates in a big way, the small letter English letter, the Arabic numeral, the punctuation mark and so on each kind of commonly used character 160.
5 “51 monolithic integrated circuit Chinese card” application example
Using “51 monolithic integrated circuit Chinese card”, will cause 51 series monolithic integrated circuit’s Chinese characters to demonstrate easily, and may to reduce the cost, the volume and the design development difficulty greatly, is the monolithic integrated circuit in domains and so on production control, message communication, culture and education and daily life, specially the computer terminal and the hand-hold product’s development provides the enormous convenience and the support.
We already initially developed “51 Chinese cards” “the zone bit code input method” and “the Pinyin input method, the character index procedure, and developed successfully using “51 Chinese cards” had the inexpensive monolithic integrated circuit controller’s LED Chinese character display monitor. Not only this reduced the cost expense large scale. Moreover the user may through the monolithic integrated circuit controller, have one’s wish changes the demonstration content.
5.1 hardware designs
CPU–87C51, 12MHz crystal oscillator.
Program memory 1 piece of EPROM 27C512.
Data-carrier storage 1 piece of EPROM 27C512; 1 piece of EEPROM28C64A; 1 piece 6116.
Controller display monitor LCD HY 119,264 B (Shenzhen Akida regards good industry Limited company).
The LED screen chooses 240×16 the lattice.
This system with the standard small keyboard character index, a time may give chooses 4000 characters; Controller LCD full screen demonstration l3×14 lattice Chinese character 56; LED screen full screen demonstration Chinese character 19.
The allocation and use like table l arranges in order.
5.2 programming diagram
Programming flow as shown in Figure 1. This system uses the 12MHz crystal oscillator, if LCD takes the full screen 56 characters, trades when the screen has approximately the 0.1s time delay, this and affects not greatly to person’s actual vision.
