51 Research and Design, Electronic Engineers website - Embedded Systems, MCU, DSP, EDA, Test and Measurement, Components, Communications, Power, Microelectronics, Semiconductors

   Abstract: Introduced the electrical energy quality analyzer F43B technical parameter and the practical application example in detail.

    Key word: Electrical energy quality; Examination; Analysis

Introduction

The power supply electrical energy quality is the electric power industry important target, it involves sends, for, uses various aspects investor, operator’s rights and interests. The fine electrical energy quality to guaranteed that the electrical network and user community’s electrical equipment and each kind of domestic electric appliances’ security economy movement, the national economy various trades and occupations’ normal operation, the product quality as well as improve the lives of the people quality to have the important meaning.

In recent years, along with our country national economy’s fast development, specially the metallurgical industry, the electric railway, chemical industry’s development and the electric power electronic installation’s popularization, caused in system’s misalignment load and the shocking load increases day by day, in system’s misalignment (overtone), asymmetry (negative sequence) and undulatory property (flickering) day by day serious, has initiated many with the accident (e.g. electrical machinery’s loss by burning, electrical energy measurement error is exceptionally big, transformer overheated, capacitor could not throw normally transports, relay protection and automatic device moves trip by mistake and so on), has created the severely impair to the electrical network and user community’s electrical equipment and each kind of domestic electric appliances. Specially regarding sensitive load, like computer chip factory, semiconductor plant, paper mill and so on, if the voltage drops several dozens ms, will cause the production equipment not to be able the normal work and presents the massive waste products, therefore, the electrical energy quality question has aroused the widespread interest.

At present various countries take the electrical energy quality the monitor and the analysis, our country have promulgated the related electrical energy quality 6 national standards successively, namely

GB/T1232590 electrical energy quality power line voltage allowable deviation;

GB/T1454993 electrical energy quality public electrical network overtone;

GB/T1554395 electrical energy quality three-phase voltage permission unbalancedness;

GB/T1594595 electrical energy quality electrical power system frequency allowable deviation;

GB/T123262000 electrical energy quality voltage permission fluctuation and flickering;

GB/T184812001 electrical energy quality temporary overvoltage and transient state overvoltage.

Moreover, but also has formulated “Electrical network Electrical energy Quality technology Management by supervision Stipulation” (the electricity synthesis [1998]211 number). Therefore, to guarantee that power supply system and user community’s electrical equipment and each kind of domestic electric appliances’ security economy movement, it is necessary to the important transformer substation electrical energy quality, each target to carry on the monitor and the analysis, provides the accurate historical data and the essential data for the engineering construction and the accident analysis.

A good fortune and an official position gram company promotes electrical energy quality analyzer F43B, is to be engaged in the electricity generation, the electric transmission, to use electricity generally the portable electrical energy mass measurement analysis tool which the system work’s personnel provide.

1 F43B performance

The F43B electrical energy quality analyzer is the present only one kind the oscilloscope, the avonmeter and the electrical energy quality analyzer gathers in a body’s hand-hold instrument. Regarding circuit breaker operation, transformer overheated, the electrical machinery overburning, the electric lamp flashes, regardless of what kind of electrical energy quality question, the F43B electrical energy quality analyzer might find the question to be. This kind of firm portable instrument may satisfy the diagnosis electrical energy quality and the common electrical equipment breakdown need. It is also uses in the conventional electric power maintenance, the ideal tool which against accident occurs. F43B in the original F43 foundation most useful electrical energy quality analyzer, avonmeter as well as oscilloscope integration in one firm, portable, in Yi Yong measuring instrument. Only need choose the survey from the main menu the project, is left over the matter completes automatically completely by the instrument.

F43B outlook as shown in Figure 1.

F43B has the following characteristic:

- - collection power overtone measuring instrument, oscilloscope and avonmeter in a body;

- - including the real effective value voltage, the electric current, the true power factor, the overtone, the overtone phase, the harmonic distortion total quantity (THD) and so on numerous survey functions, the harmonic measure reaches as high as 51 times;

- - the large screen, the high luminance demonstration voltage, the current waveform and the overtone frequency spectrum, the voltage channel may to 20MHz, the electric current channel be possible to 15kHz, a screen also to demonstrate, is advantageous for the breakdown harmonious wave analysis;

- - the dynamic data saves, under a secondary storage may record all overtone information;

- - three-phase load power factor survey;

- - under record pattern cursor reading;

- - the track intermittent question, may monitor and record reaches 40 transient signals much, and tell time mark;

- - the menu operation, easy to study easily to use;

- - stochastically including the software and the RS232 connection and the electric cable, is advantageous carries on the computer analysis and the document processing.

2 F43B applications

2.1 F43B logging functions

F43B has two kind of record patterns: Sags&Swells pattern and Record pattern. Under these two kind of patterns the instrument draws up two take the time as the coordinate electrical quantitative change curve. Under the Sags&Swells pattern, the instrument only draws up the voltage and the electric current, under the Record pattern, the instrument may draw up the more electrical quantities, like Table 1 arranges in order. Under these two kind of patterns the instrument may choose from 4min to the infinity recorded time. The recorded time is shorter, the interrecord gap is also shorter, the resolution is also higher. The interrecord gap is on the screen between the neighboring two spot time-gap. The interrecord gap and the sampling concept is different, the F43B sampling speed must be higher than the interrecord gap, therefore, the instrument may realize in the identical plot point discrete value survey. F43B through the fast sampling survey the survey quantity which all assigns in the interrecord gap, in the record cursor position interrecord gap biggest, is smallest and the mean value.

Table under 1 Record pattern may record parameter

The Sags&Swells pattern and the Record pattern’s difference lies in the survey the speed. The Sags&Swells pattern is more suitable to survey the short time the voltage and the current fluctuation. Sags&Swells surveys each cycle in the interrecord gap the voltage and the electric current real effective value. For example, regarding the 1s interrecord gap, will survey 50 cycles. When each sampling interval ended, recorded the smallest effective value a cycle, a biggest effective value cycle, with interrecord gap in all cycle mean value.

The Record pattern basically every other 250ms(0.25s) surveys one time. This speaking of a 20ms cycle is unable to catch the single cycle event. When each interrecord gap ended, also recorded in this gap similarly the maximum value, the minimum value and the mean value. (if does not use cursor, mean value is the entire record sector mean value).

The Sags&Swells pattern and the Record pattern may suppose the recorded time are “Endless”, under this way, the cartography has used the compression algorithm: First uses the 4min record length, then compresses each minute record, after 4min had finished, a screen’s graph compression is half screen, uses 8min. The analogy, then uses 16min in turn, yizhi dao 16 day-long record length. F43B through quite neighboring two interrecord gap maximum value/minimum value, then retention biggest/minimum value. Thus, F43B is retaining in each recorded time maximum value, the minimum value. This regarding did not know that must monitor the long time the situation to provide the very good solution. how do 2.2 use F43B to survey kW · h

Regarding the user, the kW · h survey is the question which will meet frequently.

Regarding the constant load, surveys the power to be possible merely to know in 1h

In consumes how many electrical energies. For example the 60W electric lamp bulb, uses 1h to disappear

Consumes 60W · h; Uses 500h to consume 60×500=30kW · h.

Regarding the temporary load or the change load, needs to use F43B the record pattern to record the corresponding time the electrical energy.

- - the simple the method records W · h, then the WAVG reading is kW · h.

- -, if the load turns on 2min merely, may establish the recorded time is 4min, then the WAVG reading is in this 4min average power. If wants to use kW · h to indicate that may use the WAVG reading to divide 15, (soon the 4min average power converts the 60min average power) for example a 6kW load to turn on 2min, when records 4min the WAVG reading is 3kW, this is equal to 0.2kW · h (3000/15=200W · h).

- -, if the load turns on 6h, you may use the 8h recorded time. The WAVG reading is in this 8h average power, uses the WAVG reading to be multiplied by the recorded time again to be possible to obtain the consumption the electrical energy, therefore in kW · h is the WAVG reading is multiplied by 8.

For example, in situations and so on exposition, work site has some live loads to need the very big electrical energy, but these temporary big electric current cannot obtain directly from the electrical power distribution system, at this time will frequently use the diesel oil emergency generator.

The staff want to know that has provided how many electrical energies in period of time through the diesel electric engine, like this may carry on the correct charge. He may act according to the consumption the fuel to come the cost simply, but to put out the evidence, he such uses F43B through the above description to survey kW · h. But, when meets power factor low time and top load, will have some questions. Because, if according to kW · the h charge is merely inaccurate, moreover the generator has the reactive power inevitably. Therefore while records kW to record kV · A is makes sense very much, records the screen to be possible to record two parameters, through the localization cursor, may demonstrate the belt date and time indice peak kV · A.

3 conclusions

Because electrical energy quality analyzer F43B has the formidable function, believed that F43B widely will be applied from now on the electric power, the petrochemical, the metallurgy, the railroad and the correspondence power source quality monitoring and the fault analysis.