Abstract: As a result of traditional energy’s depletion, various countries environmental protection’s value as well as extant electrical power system’s all sorts of malpractices, the distributional electricity generation will become in the future various countries most main electricity generation form. The electric power electronic technology is distributional power technology one of three big key technologies, has the extremely widespread application in the distributional electricity generation. Introduced briefly the electric power electronic technology in the energy transfer, improves aspect and so on electrical energy quality, system stored energy applications.
Key word: Distributional electricity generation; Electric power electronic installation; Electrical energy quality; Stored energy
Introduction
The centralism electricity generation, the long-distance range electric transmission and the big electrical network interconnect electrical power system existence’s some malpractices, cause the electrical power system appear both “clumsy” and “frail”. At present, the big electrical network and the distributional electrical network’s union, by world many energy and the electric power expert recognitions is the save on investment, reduces the energy consumption, to enhance the electrical power system stability and the flexible fundamental mode, is the 21st century electric power industry development direction. In addition, various countries are advocating “the green environmental protection” now, but our country electrical power system’s electricity generation has created the very big destruction to the environment, uses the distributional electricity generation, uses regional richly “the clean energy” fully, this has the great significance regarding our country sustainable development’s strategy.
In recent years overseas, specially take US and Japan as representative, has made the unprecedented progress to the new distributional power technology’s research, moreover holds more and more great proportion hopefully in the electrical energy production. Our country is late to the distributional electricity generation’s research, now has not formed the very mature technology, but, the distributional electricity generation will be the future electric power market trend of development, therefore, must step up the development to the distributional electricity generation research and the exploration, a in which important aspect will be must the electric power Applications of Electronic Technique distributional electricity generation.
1 electric power electronic technology in electrical energy transmission application
The distributional electricity generation except uses the traditional energy, for example outside water power, coal, petroleum and atomic energy, but also has widely used the new energy alternative. At present recognizes several kinds commonly used moreover the cost low system is the wind energy generating system, the solar battery, the miniature gas turbine, the fuel cell. In these new distributional generating system, the electric power electronic installation played the extremely vital role in the energy transformation.
1.1 miniature steam turbine generating system
Because the steam turbine movement’s speed is very high, may achieve 80kr/min, moreover the alternator has the very high frequency, cannot the direct connection alternating current on-line, this middle needs a direct-current link. Figure 1 described the electric power electronic installation’s in miniature turbo generator system energy evolution application briefly and to the point. The alternator sends out electrical energy after the rectification is delivered on the direct-current electric capacity, after then passes through active DC/AC inverts, the electrical energy sends in the electrical network.
1.2 wind energy generating system
The wind turbine already may the constant velocity movement also be possible to change the speed movement, therefore, it already may connected also be possible to be connected with the synchronous machine with the asynchronous machine. As a result of the simplicity of operator and the efficiency, are widely used with the asynchronous machine connected way. Figure 2 what description is an asynchronous generator system, first after the rectification, then undergoes the active inversion and the exchange electrical network is connected.
1.3 electro-optical systems
The electro-optical system carries on the energy evolution the universal method is, through the active DC/AC invertor, will save in solar battery’s cocurrent energy evolution for and the electrical network synchronization alternating voltage. Figure 3 described this flow briefly clearly. Here three-phase invertor uses the IGBT type the power tube.
1.4 fuel cell system
The fuel cell produces the DC voltage passes through the active DC/AC invertor to become the alternating voltage, its conversion process and the electro-optical system are similar, Figure 4 described this transformation flow.
The direct current transmission and the alternating current transmission compare have many superiority, therefore, in the above several kind of electricity generation type, the electrical energy transmission is uses the direct current transmission the form, but, what the big electrical network as well as the people live, the production to need is the stabilized frequency alternating current, but is composed of the electric power electronic installation the rectification, the contravariant electric circuit and other electric power electron interface equipment played the extremely essential role in the distributional generating system’s energy evolution and the transmission.
2 electric power electrons in improve in the electrical energy quality the application
The distributional generating system was a new electricity generation pattern, Shang You the imperfect place, the electrical energy quality question even more appeared serious. Any because the overtone, the transient state, the voltage are hollow and the perturbation causes the deviation can cause the electrical energy quality question. Although the electrical energy quality to the resident life not too tremendous influence, but works to the industrial production and the company actually has the huge influence. The moment electrical energy’s loss and the downcast can cause the industrial production quality the drop, even presents the waste product; Causes the information industries the bit drop-out, will like this cause the inestimable losses. The future will be a digitized society, will be able to be getting higher and higher to the electrical energy quality’s request.
American Electrical energy Research Association (EPRI) to seek improves the distributional system performance the vanguard technology, had already done the massive thorough research. This kind of CUSTOMPOWER technology the modern electric power electron controller, the distribution automation as well as the complete correspondence unifies in together, provides the high grade electrical energy for the user terminal. Although is useful, but, the CUSTOMPOWER equipment application is very limited in the distributional system’s scope. In recent years, some used in the equipment which controlled fast developing one after another, the solid state circuit breaker (SSB), the static idle work compensator (STATCOM) and the dynamic voltage recovery (DVR) belonged to the modern electric power electron controller. STATCOM, LTC (transformer tapping switch) transforms the electric capacity three intercoordinations with the machinery to be possible to reduce the systemic voltage fluctuation. As representative’s these uses in the distributional systems control take STATCOM the electric power electronic installation already obtaining the full proof, these equipment not only might realize the stepless control moreover also to be possible to make the real-time response to the system change.
In the distributional system controls the electrical energy quality with the electric power electronic installation to apply now very much conservatively, is mainly because the cost is too high, only then (for example hospital) only then uses this method in the very important load. The most universal electric power electronic installation is UPS, it obtains the very widespread application in the computer system. Because the computer technology even more will penetrate into the life and the production, therefore, to efficient electric power electronic installation’s demand sharp growth, some efficient electric power electronic installation will use in processing the momentary distrubance, the voltage downcast or other electrical energy quality question.
3 other aspect applications
The electric power electronic technology in the distributional electrical power system’s application two aspects which introduced besides above, in the energy memory, the load equalization as well as the system failure protection also has the widespread application.
Based on the system stability and the efficient consideration, the distributional system must save the certain amount the electrical energy, with deals with the thunderbolt. The modern stored energy technology already obtained the certain extent development, has the future stored energy technology to have the accumulator cell stored energy (BESS), the super capacitor stored energy and the flywheel stored energy.
The accumulator cell stored energy and the super capacitor stored energy adopt the method is, will exchange the electrical energy transformation to store up first for the direct-current electrical energy in the accumulator cell or? In vessel; When needs to stockpile the electrical energy, will direct current again the electrical energy transformation for and the system compatible exchange electrical energy. In this reversible transformation, the electric power electronic installation played the key role.
The flywheel stored energy technology is transforms the electrical energy for the mechanical energy saves, the flywheel stored energy system basic structure including the flywheel rotor, the electric power converter and so on 5 parts, is precisely because the high strength textile fiber, loses the bearing, the electric power electronic technology three aspect development lowly, causes the flywheel stored energy the practical application into reality.
Because the electrical power system load change has the enormous uncertainty, needs the control system to carry on the regulation promptly, otherwise possibly has the chain-reaction to cause the phylogeny breakdown, is serious when causes the system collapse. The electric power electronic installation has the response to be rapid, controls the reliable characteristic, applies in the power balance and the fail safe, will reduce the probability which greatly the accident occurs, enhanced system’s stability.
4 conclusions
Because current electricity generation pattern’s all sorts of malpractices, renewable energy source’s depletion, various countries environmental protection’s value, the distributional electricity generation will become in the future the world most main electricity generation pattern. Through this article analysis, may see the electric power electronic technology to have the extremely widespread application in the distributional electricity generation, moreover the present many scientific research organizations recognize the electric power electronic technology for the distributional electricity generation in one of three big key technologies, therefore, the electric power electronic technology’s development and the application will have the enormous promotion effect to the distributional electricity generation pattern’s rapid popularization.
